31 May 2019 – ormolu

31 May 2019

ormolu

[awr-muh-loo]

noun

1. Also called mosaic gold. an alloy of copper and zinc used to imitate gold.
2. Also called bronze doré, gilt bronze. gilded metal, especially cast brass or bronze gilded over fire with an amalgam of gold and mercury, used for furniture mounts and ornamental objects.
3. gold or gold powder prepared for use in gilding.

Origin of ormolu

French

1755-1765; French or moulu ground gold, equivalent to or (Latin aurum) + moulu, past participle of moudre to grind < Latin molere

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018.
Cite This Source

Examples from the Web for ormolu

Historical Examples

The wood-work is painted white, and enriched with wreaths of leaves in ormolu.
The Care of Books
John Willis Clark

Coal-scuttles, like andirons, should be made of bronze, ormolu or iron.
The Decoration of Houses
Edith Wharton

I shall merely present them with an ormolu timepiece—whatever that may be.
Pincher Martin, O.D.
H. Taprell Dorling


Today’s quote

My fate cannot be mastered; it can only be collaborated with and thereby, to some extent, directed. Nor am I the captain of my soul; I am only its noisiest passenger.

– Aldous Huxley


On this day

31 May 1921 – 1 June 1921 – The Tulsa Race Riots in which a large group of white people attacked the black community in Tulsa, Oklahoma, including aerial attacks that dropped bombs and fired on the community. It resulted in the Greenwood District, also known as the ‘Black Wall Street’ being burned to the ground. The Greenwood District was the wealthiest black community in the USA at the time.More than 800 people were admitted to white hospitals after two hospitals in the black community were burned down. Police arrested or detained more than 6,000 black residents. More than 10,000 were left homeless and 35 city blocks comprising of 1,256 destroyed. Official figures state that 39 people were killed, however, other sources estimate that between 55 and 300 black residents were killed with 9 white people killed. The riots were precipitated when a black man was suspected of raping a white girl in an elevator. White residents gathered with rumours of a lynching to happen. As the whites descended on Greenwood, a group of black men assembled to confront them. During this, some of the whites began torching buildings

31 May 1930 – birth of Clint Eastwood, American actor, director, producer and politician.

31 May 1948 – birth of John Bonham, Led Zeppelin drummer. Died 25 September 1980.

31 May 1965 – birth of Brooke Shields, American actor, model and producer.

31 May 1996 – death of Timothy Leary, American psychologist and author. Leary was a major proponent of the use of psychedelic drugs, particularly LSD and psilocybin (mushrooms). He conducted numerous psychiatric experiments using psychedelics, particularly during the 1950s and and 1960s, when the drugs were legal. LSD was banned by the USA in 1966. Leary popularised 1960’s catch-phrases such as ‘turn on, tune in and drop out’, ‘set and setting’, and ‘think for yourself and question authority’. He was friends with beat generation poets, such as Allen Ginsberg, William S. Burroughs and Jack Kerouac. Leary was arrested numerous times over his possession and use of drugs. He wrote a number of books on the benefits of psychedelic drugs. Leary became fascinated with computers, declaring that ‘the PC is the LSD of the 1990s’. He encouraged bohemians to ‘turn on, boot up, jack in’. Leary was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1995. He chose to stream his dying moments over the internet. Seven grams of Leary’s ashes were placed aboard a Pegasus rocket, launched on 21 April 1997. It remained in orbit around the Earth for six years until it burned up in atmosphere. Born 22 October 1920.

30 May 2019 – aplomb

30 May 2019

aplomb

[uh-plom, uh-pluhm]

noun

1. imperturbable self-possession, poise, or assurance.
2. the perpendicular, or vertical, position.

Origin of aplomb

French

1820-1830 First recorded in 1820-30, aplomb is from the French word à plomb according to the plummet, i.e., straight up and down, vertical position

Synonyms

1. composure, equanimity, imperturbability.

Antonyms

1. confusion, discomposure; doubt, uncertainty.

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018.

Examples from the Web for aplomb

Contemporary Examples

Resolving moral dilemmas is her daily work, and she does it with clarity and aplomb.
Ian McEwan’s New Novel Keeps Life at Arm’s Length
Nick Romeo
September 11, 2014

Meanwhile, during the past several years in Champagne, the “Grower” movement has gained momentum and aplomb.
Champagne Goes Rogue
Jordan Salcito
December 28, 2013

When he needed to put Rick Perry and Rick Santorum away during the primaries, by God he did it, and with aplomb.
Mitt Romney’s Game-Change Moment in the Denver Presidential Debate
Michael Tomasky
October 2, 2012

But Obama and his party have been playing the race card with the aplomb of a Jim Crow Democrat.
The Tribal Election: Barack Obama Turns to the Karl Rove Playbook
Joel Kotkin
July 24, 2012

The no-nonsense Belvin Perry Jr. presided over the tangled proceedings with aplomb.
World’s Crankiest Judges
Alex Berg
July 4, 2011

Historical Examples

She received his bits of news with the aplomb of a resourceful commander.
The Spenders
Harry Leon Wilson

Miss Milbrey disunited the chatting couple with swiftness and aplomb.
The Spenders
Harry Leon Wilson

I could read as much in her narrowed eyes as she tried for aplomb with her guests.
Ruggles of Red Gap
Harry Leon Wilson

The aplomb—why should there be a French word for an English quality?
The Knight Of Gwynne, Vol. I (of II)
Charles James Lever

Before the end of the repast he had recovered all his assurance, all his aplomb.
Samuel Brohl & Company
Victor Cherbuliez


Today’s quote

I don’t see the point of having 80 million people online if all they are doing in the end is talking to ghosts in the suburbs.

– Umberto Eco


On this day

30 May 1778 – death of François-Marie Arouet, better known as Voltaire. French enlightment writer, historian and philosopher. A man of wit who advocated freedom of religion, freedom of expression and separation of church and state. Voltaire wrote more than 20,000 letters, 2,000 books and pamphlets. He criticised intolerance, religious dogma and social institutions. Born 21 November 1694.

30 May 1911 – death of Milton Bradley, U.S. board-game maker, credited with launching the board-game industry. Born 8 November 1836.

29 May 2019 – orthopraxy

29 May 2019

orthopraxy

[awr-thuh-prak-see]

noun

  1. correctness or orthodoxy of action or practice.
  2. Medicine/Medical. orthopraxia

    Origin of orthopraxy

    1850-1855 First recorded in 1850-55; ortho- + prax(is) + -y3

    Dictionary.com Unabridged
    Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018.
    Cite This Source

    Examples from the Web for orthopraxy 

    Historical Examples

    And what is the good of all your orthodoxy unless the orthodoxy of creed issues in orthopraxy of conduct?

Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren


Today’s quote

New roads; new ruts.

– Gilbert K. Chesterton

 


On this day

 

29 May 1874 – birth of Gilbert Keith Chesterton (otherwise known as G.K. Chesterton), English writer, lay theologian, poet, philosopher, dramatist, journalist, orator, literary and art critic, biographer and Christian apologist. Died 14 June 1936.

29 May 1917 – birthday of John F. Kennedy. 35th president of the United States. Assassinated 22 November 1963.

29 May 1953 – Sir Edmund Hillary and Nepalese sherpa, Tenzing Norgay, become the first men to reach the summit of Mt Everest.

 

28 May 2019 – chanticleer

28 May 2019

chanticleer

[chan-tuh-kleer]

noun Now Literary.

a rooster: used as a proper name in medieval fables.

Also chan·te·cler [chan-tuh-klair] /ˈtʃæn təˌklɛər/.

Origin of chanticleer

1250–1300; Middle English Chauntecler < Old French Chantecler noun use of verb phrase chante cler sing clear. See chant, clear

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018

Examples from the Web for chanticleer

Historical Examples

Once down, however, he shook his fluttered plumes, and crowed like any chanticleer.
Sir Ludar
Talbot Baines Reed

Never was chanticleer so crouse on his own dung-hill, as Johnny Darbyshire was in his own house.
Stories of Comedy
Various

I never heard that Chanticleer was a pattern of fatherly devotion.
A Little Girl in Old St. Louis
Amanda Minnie Douglas

The exciting cause of the professor’s outburst was an attempt to get from his class some information about Chanticleer.
Papers and Proceedings of the Thirty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Library Association Held at Ottawa, Canada June 26-July 2, 1912
Various

You might not get the answer you were looking for, but you could not get a foolish answer, if you asked him of Chanticleer.
Papers and Proceedings of the Thirty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Library Association Held at Ottawa, Canada June 26-July 2, 1912
Various


Today’s quote

You may not control all the events that happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them.

– Maya Angelou


On this day

28 May 1867 – President Johnson signs a treaty with Russia to transfer Alaska to the United States.

28 May 1901 – Signing of the D’Arcy Concession between Mozzafar al-Din (Shah of Persia) and William Knox D’Arcy, a British businessman and one of the principal founders of the oil industry in Iran. D’Arcy was born in England, but had grown up in Rockhampton, Australia. In 1909, Knox became a director of the newly founded Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) which later became British Petroleum (BP). On 26 May 1908, almost exactly seven years after signing the D’Arcy Concession, commercial quantities of oil were discovered. The D’Arcy Concession gave rights to D’Arcy and by extension, APOC to mine and export the oil with a small kick-back paid to Persia. The D’Arcy Concession is one of the most important documents of the 20th century and has led to much of the conflict being experienced to this day. Britain’s attack on the Ottoman Empire during World War I, as well as it’s allegiance with Russia during that war was largely to protect its oil interests in Persia from both Russia and the Ottomans. Iran itself has experienced significant animosity towards Britain over the exploitation of its oil fields to the point that the Iranian revolution and the rise of Islamic fundamentalism was a revolt against Western profiteering and influence over Persian leaders which was often against the best interests of the Iranian people.

28 May 1908 – birth of Ian Fleming, British author of the ‘James Bond’ novels. Died 12 August 1964.

28 May 1964 – establishment of the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO), which was founded with the purpose of liberating Palestine through armed struggle. It has since rejected violence and been recognised as the legitimate representative of the Palestinian people by the United Nations.

28 May 1987 – West German, Matthias Rust, illegally flies his Cessna 172 from Finland to Moscow, landing in Red Square. Rust claimed that he wanted to build an imaginary bridge between the Soviet Union and the West. Rust was charged and convicted of hooliganism, disregard of aviation laws and breaching the Soviet border. He was sentenced to four years in a general-regime labour camp, but spent his imprisonment in the high security Lefortovo. During Rust’s imprisonment, US President Reagan and the General Secretary of the Communist Party, Mikhael Gorbachev signed an intermediate-range nuclear weapons treaty. As a sign of good faith following the signing of the treaty, the Supreme Soviet ordered Matthias Rust be released in August 1988.

28 May 2014 – death of Maya Angelou (born Marguerite Ann Johnson), American author, poet and civil rights activist. Maya wrote seven autobiographies, three books of essays, and several books of poems. She had numerous occupations, including fry cook, dancer, actor, director and journalist. Her civil rights activism saw her work with Martin Luther King and Malcolm X. Born 4 April 1928.

27 May 2019 – yurt

27 May 2019

yurt

[yoo rt]

noun

a tent-like dwelling of the Mongol and Turkic peoples of central Asia, consisting of a cylindrical wall of poles in a lattice arrangement with a conical roof of poles, both covered by felt or skins.

Origin of yurt

1885–90; Russian yurt < Turkic; compare Turkish yurt home, fatherland, with cognates meaning “abode, dwelling” in all branches of Turkic

Dictionary.com Unabridged

Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018

Examples from the Web for yurt

Contemporary Examples

Her route is well planned, yet somewhere—on the streets of Tehran, in a yurt in Turkmenistan—Lin-Liu loses her way.
This Week’s Hot Reads: July 29, 2013
Jessica Ferri, Damaris Colhoun
July 29, 2013

Historical Examples

Round the walls of the yurt were ranged one or two tables and chests of drawers.
A Wayfarer in China
Elizabeth Kendall

Around the yurt gathered women and children, dogs and calves.
A Wayfarer in China
Elizabeth Kendall


Today’s quote

I have conquered an empire but I have not been able to conquer myself.

– Peter the Great


On this day

27 May – 3 June – National Reconciliation Week, which is celebrated in Australia every year on these dates. The dates commemorate two significant milestones in the reconciliation journey — the anniversaries of the successful 1967 referendum (27 May) and the High Court Mabo decision (3 June 1992). The 1967 referendum saw over 90 per cent of Australians vote to give the Commonwealth the power to make laws for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and recognise them in the national census. On 3 June, 1992, the High Court of Australia delivered its landmark Mabo decision which legally recognised that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have a special relationship to the land—that existed prior to colonisation and still exists today. This recognition paved the way for land rights called Native Title. 2012 marked the 20th anniversary of the Mabo decision. http://www.reconciliation.org.au/nrw

27 May 1703 – Tsar Peter the Great founds the Russian city of St Petersburg.

27 May 1907 – bubonic plague breaks out in San Francisco.

27 May 1911 – birth of Vincent Price, American actor, starred in a number of horror films, including House of WaxHouse of Usher and The Raven. He also acted in the 1960s television series Batman, in which he played the evil mastermind, Egghead; a master criminal with a fixation on eggs. Price provided a voice-over on Alice Cooper’s 1975 album Welcome to My Nightmare. In 1976, Price recorded a cover version of Bobby Pickett song, Monster Mash. Died 25 October 1993.

27 May 1922 – birth of Christopher Lee, CBE, English actor and singer. Lee starred in hammer horror movies, including Dracula (in which he played the title character), Dracula has risen from the graveTaste the Blood of Dracula, and Scars of Dracula.Fearing that he would become type-cast in horror roles as had happened to Vincent Price and Peter Cushing, he went in search of other roles. Lee starred in the 1974 James Bond film, The Man with the Golden Gun. He played Saruman in Lord of the Rings and the Hobbit trilogies, and Count Dooku in two of the Star Wars prequel films, Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith. Died 7 June 2015.

26 May 2019 – chiaroscuro

26 May 2019

chiaroscuro

[kee-ahr-uh-skyoo r-oh]

noun, plural chi·a·ro·scu·ros.

the distribution of light and shade in a picture.

Painting . the use of deep variations in and subtle gradations of light and shade, especially to enhance the delineation of character and for general dramatic effect:

Rembrandt is a master of chiaroscuro.

a woodcut print in which the colors are produced by the use of different blocks with different colors.

Origin of chiaroscuro

1680–90; < Italian, equivalent to chiaro bright (< Latin clārus ) + oscuro dark (< Latin obscūrus ). See clear, obscure

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018

Related Words for chiaroscuro

shadowy, shaded, leafy, cloudy, cool, dim, dusky, indistinct, sheltered, vague, screened, umbrageous, adumbral, bosky, chiaroscuro, shadowed

Examples from the Web for chiaroscuro

Contemporary Examples of chiaroscuro

This chiaroscuro portrait, intended only to sell underwear, comes alarmingly close to capturing the man. 
The Daily Beast logo

Will the Real Jim Palmer Please Stand Up
Tom Boswell 
September 27, 2014

Historical Examples of chiaroscuro

No chiaroscuro is so difficult as this; and none so noble, chaste, or impressive.
Modern Painters Volume I (of V)
John Ruskin

I was in train to interpret for Ma’moiselle the chiaroscuro. 
The Pigeon (Third Series Plays)
John Galsworthy

In chiaroscuro , and in delicacy of execution he is not inferior to his master.
Six Centuries of Painting
Randall Davies

Thus they were familiar with chiaroscuro before the European painters.
Chinese Painters
Raphael Petrucci

The typical German chiaroscuro was therefore from two blocks.
John Baptist Jackson
Jacob Kainen


Today’s quote

Never ruin an apology with an excuse. 

― Benjamin Franklin


One this day

26 May – National Sorry Day. Since 1998, National Sorry Day occurs on 26 May every year to commemorate the maltreatment of Australia’s indigenous population.

26 May 1890 – Bram Stoker’s novel, Dracula, is released in England.

26 May 1913 – birth of Peter Cushing OBE, English actor who mostly appeared in Hammer Horror films, including The Curse of Frankenstein and Dracula (in which he played vampire hunter, Van Helsing). Died 11 August 1994.

26 May 2012 – death of Festus, our beloved and most awesome budgie.

25 May 2019 – décolletage

25 May 2019

décolletage

or de·colle·tage

[dey-kol-tahzh, -kol-uh-, dek-uh-luh-; French dey-kawl-tazh]

noun

the neckline of a dress cut low in the front or back and often across the shoulders.
a décolleté garment or costume.

Origin of décolletage

1890–95; French, equivalent to décollet(er ) (see décolleté + -age -age

Can be confused

décolletage décolleté dishabille

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018

Examples from the Web for decolletage

Historical Examples of decolletage

She was really on probation for higher levels; it was her decolletage delayed her. 
Soul of a Bishop
H. G. Wells

The plain, well-made dress will oust the ribbon and the decolletage. 
What is Coming?
H. G. Wells


Today’s quote

To enjoy good health, to bring true happiness to one’s family, to bring peace to all, one must first discipline and control one’s own mind. If a man can control his mind he can find the way to Enlightenment, and all wisdom and virtue will naturally come to him.

– Buddha


On this day

25 May – Towel Day. A tribute to Douglas Adams, author of Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy, which states that a towel is ‘about the most massively useful thing that an interstellar hitchhiker can have‘. First held in 2001, two weeks after the death of Adams. Fans carry a towel with them on this day in appreciation of Adams and his work.

25 May 1999 – Bill Morgan, who had been resuscitated after spending 14 minutes clinically dead following a heart-attack, wins a $27,000 car from a Tatts Scratch lotto ticket. During a reenactment of the event for a Melbourne TV station, Bill won $250,000 from a Scratch-It ticket. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBYuxQBSc0o

24 May 2019 – crotal

25 May 2019

crotal

(also: crottle)

noun

Scot any of various lichens used in dyeing wool, esp for the manufacture of tweeds

Word Origin for crotal

Gaelic crotal

Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Examples from the Web for crotal

Historical Examples of crotal

It is better, however, to get the shade by altering the quantity of Crotal used.
Vegetable Dyes
Ethel M. Mairet

Thereafter, on cushioned beds were repasts, long and savorous, eaten to the sound of crotal and of flute.
Historia Amoris: A History of Love, Ancient and Modern
Edgar Saltus

My father seemed to age perceptibly, reflecting on his companion gone, and he clung to me like the crotal to the stone.
John Splendid
Neil Munro


Today’s quote

Don’t criticize what you can’t understand.

– Bob Dylan


On this day

25 May – Towel Day. A tribute to Douglas Adams, author of Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy, which states that a towel is ‘about the most massively useful thing that an interstellar hitchhiker can have‘. First held in 2001, two weeks after the death of Adams. Fans carry a towel with them on this day in appreciation of Adams and his work.

25 May 1999 – Bill Morgan, who had been resuscitated after spending 14 minutes clinically dead following a heart-attack, wins a $27,000 car from a Tatts Scratch lotto ticket. During a reenactment of the event for a Melbourne TV station, Bill won $250,000 from a Scratch-It ticket. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBYuxQBSc0o

20 May 2019 – savate

20 May 2019

savate

[suh-vat]
noun

a sport resembling boxing but permitting blows to be delivered with the feet as well as the hands.

Origin of savate

1860–65; French: literally, old shoe. See sabot

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018

Examples from the Web for savate

Historical Examples of savate

Max had not expected the savate from an Englishman, and he was very glad of the warning.
A Soldier of the Legion
C. N. Williamson

Savate , boxing and kicking; canne, cane (fencing expression).
John Bull, Junior
Max O’Rell

“I have some acquaintance with the savate ,” he said suavely.
Cynthia’s Chauffeur
Louis Tracy

Then his right foot rose, in the famous and deadly blow of the savate .
The Blue Lights
Arnold Fredericks

It was with the Revolution that the rapier went out, and the savate came in.
Sword and Gown
George A. Lawrence


Today’s quote

Persecution is the first law of society because it is always easier to suppress criticism than to meet it.

– Howard Mumford Jones


On this day

20 May 325 – commencement of the First Council of Nicea, a cabal of 1800 bishops convened by Roman Emperor Constantine I (Constantine the Great) to gain consensus within the church for various doctrinal issues, such as the divinity of Christ, the Holy Trinity and the date for Easter which were articulated in the ‘Creed of Nicea’. The Council concluded on 25 August 325.

20 May 1896 – a 6 ton chandlier falls from the ceiling of the Palais Garnier, Paris, onto the crowd below. One person is killed and many injured. The theatre was used as the setting for Gaston Leroux’s novel, Phantom of the Opera.

20 May 1944 – birth of Joe Cocker. English rock and blues singer. His first big hit was in 1968 with his cover of the Beatles song, ‘With a Little Help from my Friends’, which he performed at Woodstock the year later. In 1972, while touring Australia, he and six band members were arrested in Adelaide for possession of cannabis. The following day he was charged with assault following a brawl in Melbourne. Australian Federal Police gave him 48 hours to leave the country and banned him from re-entry. From this he earned the nickname ‘Mad-dog’. The incident raised the profile of cannabis legalisation in Australia. He toured Australia again in 1975, after the new Labor government allowed him back into the country. He won a Grammy Award in 1983 and was awarded an OBE in 2007. Died 22 December 2014.

20 May 1998 – The Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) was formally announced. It was formed by major technology companies, Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Toshiba and Nokia to develop a standard low-range radio standard that could connect disparate items, such as phones to headsets, regardless of the manufacturers. After considering a number of names for the technology, including Flirt (with the catchphrase ‘getting close, but not touching’), the SIG settled on the name Bluetooth, which was named after a 10th century Viking king, Harald Blatand, which translates as Bluetooth. He was so named because he had a dead tooth that turned blue from all the blueberries he ate. The name was proposed by Jim Kardach of Intel, who was reading a historical novel about vikings, by Frans G. Bengtsson called The Long Ships. Harald Bluetooth had united disparate Dane tribes to form a united Denmark. The Bluetooth logo is a bind rune which combines the two runic letters H and B, for Harald Bluetooth.

19 May 2019 – tabula rasa

19 May 2019

tabula rasa

[tab-yuh-luh rah-suh, -zuh, rey-; Latin tah-boo-lah rah-sah]

noun, plural ta·bu·lae ra·sae [tab-yuh-lee rah-see, -zee, rey-; Latin tah-boo-lahy rah-sahy] /ˈtæb yəˌli ˈrɑ si, -zi, ˈreɪ-; Latin ˈtɑ bʊˌlaɪ ˈrɑ saɪ/.

a mind not yet affected by experiences, impressions, etc.
anything existing undisturbed in its original pure state.

Origin of tabula rasa

First recorded in 1525–35, tabula rasa is from the Latin word tabula rāsa scraped tablet, clean slate

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2019

Related Words for tabula rasa

palimpsest

Example

An opportunity to begin again with no record, history, or preconceived ideas is one kind of tabula rasa.
Vocabulary.com


Today’s quote

Only recently have I realized that being different is not something you want to hide or squelch or suppress.

– Amy Gerstler


On this day

19 May 1536 – Anne Boleyn, second wife of King Henry VIII of England, is beheaded for adultery, incest and treason.

19 May 1568 – Queen Elizabeth I orders the arrest of Mary, Queen of Scots.

19 May 1895 – Death of José Julián Martí Pérez, (José Martí), Cuban national hero, nicknamed The Maestro. He was a poet, essayist, revolutionary philosopher. Fought for Cuba’s independence from Spain. Martí’s poetry is respected across the globe. One of his poems was adapted into the song, Guantanamera. Born 28 January 1853.

19 May 1897 – Oscar Wilde released from Reading Gaol.

19 May 1909 – birth of Sir Nicholas Winton, MBE, British humanitarian who rescued 669 children from Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia in 1938, shortly after Kristallnacht. Most of the children were Jewish. He arranged their safe passage to Britain and found homes for them. As war loomed, Winton registered as a conscientious objector and registered for work with the Red Cross. He rescinded his objection in 1940 and served with the Royal Air Force. Winton kept quiet about the rescue of the 669 children, not even telling his wife, Grete. It wasn’t until 1988, when Grete found a scrapbook in their attic that detailed the children, their parents’ names, and the names and addresses of the people they moved in with in Britain. She was able to locate 80 of the children. Later that year, she took Nicholas along to the filming of the BBC-TV show That’s Life. Unexpectedly for Winton, his scrapbook was shown on camera and his exploits detailed. When the host asked if anyone in the audience owed their life to Winton, more than two dozen people stood up, surrounding and applauding him.

19 May 1925 – birth of Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little), also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, African-American Muslim minister and human rights activist. He campaigned for the rights of African-Americans. At the age of 20, while in prison, he joined the ‘Nation of Islam’, a group that preached black supremacy. He eventually became disillusioned with it and its leader, Elijah Muhammad. On 8 March 1964, he publicly announced he had left the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X founded Muslim Mosque Inc and the Organisation of Afro-American Unity. He converted to Sunni Islam, revoked black supremacy and preached equal rights. He was assassinated on 21 February 1965 by three members of the Nation of Islam; Talmadge Hayer (also known as Thomas Hagan), Norman 3X Butler and Thomas 15X Johnson. All three were convicted, although Butler and Johnson maintained their innocence.

19 May 1962 – Marilyn Monroe sings a seductive version of ‘Happy Birthday‘ to President John F. Kennedy for his 45th birthday. She was introduced to the stage as the ‘late’ Marilyn Monroe. Less than three months later, Monroe was found dead. The dress Monroe wore was designed by Jean Louis and sold at auction in 1999 for more than $1,200,000. It was a sheer, flesh coloured dress with 2,500 rhinestones.

19 May 2014 – Death of Sir John Arthur ‘Jack’ Brabham AO OBE, Australian racing legend, 3 times Formula One world champion (1959, 1960, 1966). Born 2 April 1926.